發(fā)布者：抗性基因網 時間：2023-06-12 瀏覽量：358
摘要
? ? ? 畜禽養(yǎng)殖場廢水中的礦物元素和抗生素抗性細菌污染物往往是生態(tài)和公共衛(wèi)生問題的根源。了解山東省養(yǎng)豬場廢水中重金屬污染狀況和耐藥大腸桿菌（E.coli）的特征，為養(yǎng)豬場合理使用礦物元素添加劑、常用抗生素和季銨復合消毒劑提供指導，測定了10種礦物元素，并從廢水中分離出大腸桿菌，測定了其對29種常用抗生素的耐藥性和耐藥基因。最后，對大腸桿菌進行了系統(tǒng)發(fā)育和多基因座序列分型（MLST）分析。結果表明，鐵和鋅污染嚴重，綜合污染指數(shù)分別為708.94和3.13。值得注意的是，75%（12/16）的地區(qū)的平均鐵含量超過了允許的限度。該省每個城市都發(fā)現(xiàn)了耐多藥大腸桿菌。從養(yǎng)豬場廢水中分離的大腸桿菌主要對四環(huán)素類（95.3%）、氯霉素類（77.8%）和磺酰胺類（62.2%）具有耐藥性，而對喹諾酮類、四環(huán)素類、磺酰胺類、氨基糖苷類和β-內酰胺類的抗生素耐藥性基因均在60%以上?？寺秃象w10（CC10）在大腸桿菌分離株中普遍存在，ST10和ST48占優(yōu)勢。耐多藥大腸桿菌分布廣泛，主要為A基因型。然而，鐵對抗生素耐藥性影響的機制還需要在這一領域進行更多的研究。因此，有必要進一步加強鐵鋅污染的防治，規(guī)范抗生素和礦物元素添加劑在養(yǎng)豬業(yè)的使用。
Abstract
Mineral elements and antibiotic-resistant bacterial pollutants in livestock and poultry farms’ wastewater are often sources of ecological and public health problems. To understand the heavy-metal pollution status and the characteristics of drug-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) in swine-farm wastewater in Shandong Province and to provide guidance for the rational use of mineral-element additives, common antibiotics, and quaternary ammonium compound disinfectants on swine farms, 10 mineral elements were measured and E. coli isolated from wastewater and its resistance to 29 commonly used antibiotics and resistance genes was determined. Finally, phylogenetic and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) analyses was performed on E. coli. The results showed serious pollution from iron and zinc, with a comprehensive pollution index of 708.94 and 3.13, respectively. It is worth noting that average iron levels in 75% (12/16) of the districts exceed allowable limits. Multidrug-resistant E. coli were found in every city of the province. The E. coli isolated from swine-farm wastewater were mainly resistant to tetracyclines (95.3%), chloramphenicol (77.8%), and sulfonamides (62.2%), while antibiotic resistance genes for quinolones, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, aminoglycosides, and β-lactams were all more than 60%. The clonal complex 10 (CC10) was prevalent, and ST10 and ST48 were dominant in E. coli isolates. Multidrug-resistant E. coli were widely distributed, with mainly A genotypes. However, the mechanism of the effect of iron on antibiotic resistance needs more study in this area. Thus, further strengthening the prevention and control of iron and zinc pollution and standardizing the use of antibiotics and mineral element additives in the swine industry are necessary.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0269749122022138