發(fā)布者：抗性基因網(wǎng) 時間：2023-06-12 瀏覽量：399
摘要
? ? ? 腸道微生物群涉及龐大而復(fù)雜的微生物群落，是傳染病控制的重要組成部分。在中國，很少有關(guān)于野生土撥鼠腸道微生物群多樣性的研究報告。為了獲得野生土撥鼠腸道微生物群的全部細節(jié)，包括細菌、真菌、病毒和古菌，我們對中國內(nèi)蒙古呼倫貝爾草原五個采樣點糞便的宏基因組進行了測序。我們創(chuàng)建了一個細菌、真菌、病毒和古菌基因組的綜合數(shù)據(jù)庫，并將宏基因組序列（根據(jù)土撥鼠糞便樣本確定）與數(shù)據(jù)庫進行比對。我們描繪了土撥鼠詳細而獨特的腸道微生物群結(jié)構(gòu)。共發(fā)現(xiàn)5891種細菌、233種病毒、236種真菌和217種古菌。優(yōu)勢細菌門為厚壁菌門、變形菌門、擬桿菌門和放線菌門。病毒科有Myoviride、Siphoviridae、Phycodnaviride、Herpesviridae和Podoviridae。優(yōu)勢真菌門為子囊菌門、擔子菌門和芽孢霉門。占優(yōu)勢的古菌有生物細菌、大孔菌、納米古菌和微細菌。此外，腸道微生物群受到宿主物種和環(huán)境的影響，環(huán)境是最重要的因素。微生物群中有36989個糖苷水解酶基因，其中365個基因與編碼β-葡萄糖苷酶、纖維素酶和纖維素β-1,4-纖維糖苷酶的基因同源。此外，抗生素抗性基因如macB、bcrA和msbA也很豐富。綜上所述，土撥鼠腸道微生物群具有種群多樣性和功能多樣性，這為進一步研究腸道微生物群對宿主的調(diào)節(jié)作用提供了基礎(chǔ)。此外，宏基因組學顯示，土撥鼠的腸道微生物群可以降解纖維素和半纖維素。
Abstract
Research on the gut microbiota, which involves a large and complex microbial community, is an important part of infectious disease control. In China, few studies have been reported on the diversity of the gut microbiota of wild marmots. To obtain full details of the gut microbiota, including bacteria, fungi, viruses and archaea, in wild marmots, we have sequenced metagenomes from five sample-sites feces on the Hulun Buir Grassland in Inner Mongolia, China. We have created a comprehensive database of bacterial, fungal, viral, and archaeal genomes and aligned metagenomic sequences (determined based on marmot fecal samples) against the database. We delineated the detailed and distinct gut microbiota structures of marmots. A total of 5,891 bacteria, 233 viruses, 236 fungi, and 217 archaea were found. The dominant bacterial phyla were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinomycetes. The viral families were Myoviridae, Siphoviridae, Phycodnaviridae, Herpesviridae and Podoviridae. The dominant fungi phyla were Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Blastocladiomycota. The dominant archaea were Biobacteria, Omoarchaea, Nanoarchaea, and Microbacteria. Furthermore, the gut microbiota was affected by host species and environment, and environment was the most important factor. There were 36,989 glycoside hydrolase genes in the microbiota, with 365 genes homologous to genes encoding β-glucosidase, cellulase, and cellulose β-1,4-cellobiosidase. Additionally, antibiotic resistance genes such as macB, bcrA, and msbA were abundant. To sum up, the gut microbiota of marmot had population diversity and functional diversity, which provides a basis for further research on the regulatory effects of the gut microbiota on the host. In addition, metagenomics revealed that the gut microbiota of marmots can degrade cellulose and hemicellulose.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10140447/